Process of uniting materials



July 18,1933. w. COUNA 1,918,958

PROCESS OF UNITING MATERIALS 4 Filed Sept. 30, 1931 Patented July 18,1933 WILLIAM COLINA, OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T SCOVILLMANUFAC- TURING COMPANY, OF WATERZBURY, NECTICUT CONNECTICUT, ACORPORATION OF CON- PROCESS on nm'rmo MATERIALS Application filedSeptember 30, 1931. Serial No. 565,998.

This invention relates to non-metallic containers such as glass bottlesor vials which are commonly provided with a metal ferrule or collar topermit a closure, spray head or other device to be secured thereto. Asheretofore constructed the joints between such bottles and theassociated ferrules have not been entirely satisfactory, frequentlyleaking and sometimes permitting the ferrule to become detached.

An object of this invention is to provide a device of the type set forthconstructed and arranged to have a tight compressed joint between thematerial of the bottle and the metal ferrule, which will not leak andwill securely hold the ferrule in place.

Another object is to provide an improved method of securing a collar,ferrule or the like to a member formed from material having a lowerco-eflicient of expansion than the material of the collar.

These and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in thisparticular art are accomplished by the invention hereinafter describedwith reference to the accompanying drawing in which,

ig. l is a view in elevation of a glass bottle or vial having a threadedmetallic ferrule secured thereon in a manner hereinafter described.

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional View showing in disassembled arrangementthe different partsemployed in the present invention.

ig. 3 is a similar view showing the parts assembled and illustrating oneof the steps of the present method, and

Fig. 4 is a similar view of the finished article.

The present invention contemplates a bottle formed of glass or othermaterial having a substantially lower co-eflicient of expansion than theferrule. Mounted on the open end of the bottle is a metallic ferrule orthe like secured thereto by a suitable soldaring metal or the likehaving a relatively low meltin point. The arrangement is such that t eferrule grips the bottle and the intermediate securing material with abinding force of suflicient power to prevent any leakage through thejoint even when such joint is subjected to a considerable pressure.

As illustrated, the present invention is shown in connection with aglass bottle but it will be apparent that any other non-metallicmaterial :can be employed. Such a bottle has its mouth 11 positioned ina metallic ferrule 12 provided with an annular flange 13 at one end of acylindrical body 14. The inner diameter of the cylindrical body 14 isslightl greater than the external diameter of the ottle mouth 11. Thelatter is positioned within the ferrule so that the cylindrical wall 14extends along the outside of the bottle mouth while the annular flange13 extends across the bottle mouth, housing the glass of the bottleentirely within the ferrule at all points. A layer of suitable joiningmaterial such as a thin tail of soldering metal having a relativel lowmelting point is positioned in the space between the glass bottle andmetal ferrule while all parts are cold and the amount of such materialis slightly more than required to fill such space in an uncompressedcondition.

As illustrated, a layer of tin 15 is positioned as described, there beinto project beyond the end of t e cylindrical body portion 14 of themetal ferrule, see Fig. 3, when the parts are originally assembled. Whenso assembled, the parts are positioned on a hot plate 16 or othersuitable source of heat in such a way that the material of the ferruleis employed to transmit suflicient heat to the soldering metal 15 tomelt the latter, the annular flange 13 and cylindrical body ortion 14co-operating to protect the glass ottle against direct application ofheat. As a result of this method of heating the soldering metal, and asa result of the considerably greater co-eflicient of expansion of themetal ferrule 12 over the glass bottle 10, the metal ferrule will expandrelatively to the bottle increasing slightly the area of the s acebetween the cylindrical portion 14 o the bottle. At the same time, thesolderingmetal, or other material, is melted and the excess flowsdownwardly into the space so as to substansufficient tin tially fill thespace between the bottle and the ferrule. The parts are then removedfrom the hot plate and allowed to cool, during which operation thesoldering metal sets and the ferrule 12 contracts upon the solderingmetal and glass bottle with a compressive binding force. I

As a result of this arrangement a fluid tight joint is provided which,on small glass vials, will withstand a pressure of approximately fifteenpounds per square inch without leaking. The ferrule is firmly secured tothe bottle and will not become detached therefrom. Any suitable form ofclosure, spray head or the like can be attached to the ferrule 12,which, in the illustrated embodiment, is provided with suitable threads17 for that purpose.

It should be understood that by the term ferrule as used herein, I'meanto describe any collar, ring or similar device.

r I claim as my invention:

1. The method of securing a metal ferrule to a glass tube whichcomprises positioning the-end of said tube within said ferrule,ins'erting a ring of soldering metal around said tube within saidferrule, heating the same to expand said ferrule relatively to said tubeand melting said soldering metal to fill the space between said ferruleand said tube, and then cooling the assembly to harden the solderingmetal and contract said ferrule relatively to said tube to cause saidferrule to press said metal against said glass.

2. The method of securing a flanged metal ferrule to a glass tubecomprising positioning the end of said tube within said ferrule with theflange thereof coverin the end of the tube, inserting a ring of solering metal around said tube within said ferrule, applying heat directlyto the flange of said ferrule only so as to expand said to said tube andenlarge the space between said ferrule and tube and to simultaneouslymelt said ring of solder and cause it to flow into and fillsubstantially the entire space with melted soldering metal, and thencooling the assembly to harden said solder to contract said ferrulerelatively to said tube and cause said ferrule to press the hardenedsoldering metal against said tube.

3. The method of securing a collar or the like to a member formed ofmaterial having a lower coeflicient of expansion than the material ofsaid collar which comprises positioning said member within said collar,placing a quantity of soldering metal around said member in position toflow into the space between said member and collar when melted, heatingthe assembly to expand said collar relatively to said member and to meltsimultaneously said soldering metal so as to cause the same to flow intothe space between said member and said collar and provide a quantity ofsoldering metal in intimate contact with both said collar and saidmember, and then cooling the assembly to harden the soldering metal andto simultaneously contract said collar relatively to said member tocause said collar to press said metal against said member to beintimately united therewith.

WILLIAM COLINA.

errule relatively

